Reservationism
Wild Skyscraper of Nature Preservation
Team: Sol Sanchez Cimarelli, Agustin Ros
Location: Amazon, Brazil
Year: 2020
Reservationism is a skyscraper that emerges within the Amazon rainforest to create a net of animal wildlife and vegetation care and research, to prevent possible diseases. It proposes a vertical growth solving the problem of horizontal expansion of productive fields and urban sprawl, generating a more efficient and controlled expansion. At the same time, it has temporary and permanent housing for those affected by disease and for those without stable housing. The natural reserve and laboratory program replicates the rainforest ecosystem, housing all the rainforest animal and plant species.
In recent decades, the increasingly close relationship between humans and natural territories with wild animals has caused the loss of biodiversity and degradation of ecosystems and has brought with it a series of new diseases with the potential of becoming global pandemics, such as Ebola, Swine flu, Avian flu, and finally, upon the appearance of COVID-19, a global pandemic itself. This closer relationship is generated by the destruction of habitat through deforestation, agricultural and livestock development, increasingly common due to accelerated population growth and the need for supplies.
If the horizontal sprawl continues, the spread of another virus is latent to emerge, allowing new strains of infectious diseases to flourish.
Brazil is one of the countries with the highest population and density, despite its vast territory. In turn, it is one of the countries with the highest levels of deforestation. This is due to its vast rainforest territory, the Amazon. The Amazon is the largest tropical forest in the world, and one of the most biodiverse ecoregions on the planet. Its territory is divided into nine countries, of which Brazil has the largest extension (60%).
The global value of the Amazon, both for its environmental value and as a precaution against the appearance of a new disease, generate the urgent need to protect its territory.
Due to the great number of people that have lost their homes as a cause of deforestations and fires, permanent housing gives this low economic and health resource area a new house for those displaced whilst temporary housing serves as an emergency housing point for those affected by the virus. The regions held within the Amazon are those with the least economic resources and where the spread of COVID-19 per capita has seen greater levels compared to the rest of the country.
The skyscraper is generated from the rotation of its blocks to generate out of phase terraces which are progressively oriented from one end of the building to the other. A void is located at the centre of these blocks generating a rectangular atrium with different directionalities. There are two types of slabs: slabs within each block vary in height and structurally connecting slabs that join pairs of facing blocks defining a continuous circulation between both blocks. The skin works as an interface between exterior and interior, generating a structure for vegetation growth and the maintenance of the appropriate conditions for rainforest development.
Reservationism develops a gradient of animal presence up and along the building, generating animal reserve blocks at its lower end, which replicate the rainforest ecosystem with space for all animal species, and animal laboratories for their preservation and investigation. The skyscraper´s blocks transition from greenhouses for agricultural activity to temporary and permanent housing. Its central atrium and open envelope, allows crossed ventilation, maintaining adequate conditions for the preservation of the ecosystem.
The project proposes programmatic hybridizations as its longitudinal development places differentiated programs in opposing blocks. There are two types of circulation between blocks: a vertical circulation located in the centre of each block, and an oblique circulation located on the perimeter of the atrium.
Feel free to ask for more information about the project to sscar.architecture@gmail.com